What does the name "Eumenides" literally mean in relation to the Furies?

The name "Eumenides" literally means "Kindly Ones." This term is a euphemistic title for the Furies, who are also known as Erinyes in Greek mythology. While the Furies were initially seen as vengeful spirits who pursued wrongdoers and instilled fear, the name "Eumenides" reflects a complex transformation in their representation. This designation suggests a more benevolent aspect, indicating that they could also be protectors of justice and order, especially in the context of the trials and purification of the guilty. As such, the title embodies a duality in their nature and highlights how the Furies could be perceived as guardians who ensure moral conduct, rather than strictly vengeful entities.

The other options include interpretations that align more closely with their intimidating characteristics rather than the nuanced understanding conveyed by "Eumenides." The term emphasizes the cultural tendency to soften the image of deities related to vengeance by using a more positive, respectful name.